Isoniazid
| CAS No. | 54-85-3 | Cat. No. | BCP13791 |
| Name | Isoniazid | ||
| Synonyms | INH;Isonicotinic acid hydrazide; Isonicotinic hydrazide;Tubizid;Laniazid;Nydrazid;Isonicotinylhydrazine; | ||
| Formula | C6H7N3O | M. Wt | 137.14 |
| Description | Isoniazid is a prodrug and must be activated by a bacterial catalase-peroxidase enzyme that in M. tuberculosis is called KatG. KatG couples the isonicotinic acyl with NADH to form isonicotinic acyl-NADH complex. This complex binds tightly to the enoyl-acyl carrier protein reductase known as InhA, thereby blocking the natural enoyl-AcpM substrate and the action of fatty acid synthase. This process inhibits the synthesis of mycolic acid, required for the mycobacterial cell wall. A range of radicals are produced by KatG activation of isoniazid, including nitric oxide, which has also been shown to be important in the action of another antimycobacterial prodrug PA-824. Isoniazid is bactericidal to rapidly dividing mycobacteria, but is bacteriostatic if the mycobacteria are slow-growing. | ||
| Pathways | Microbiology/Virology | ||
| Targets | Antibiotic | ||
Structure
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